These people, known as chronic carriers, no longer have signs or symptoms of the disease themselves. Typhoid carriersĮven after antibiotic treatment, a small number of people who recover from typhoid fever continue to harbor the bacteria. The bacteria may also spread through contaminated food and through direct contact with someone who is infected. In developing countries, where typhoid fever is established, most people become infected by drinking contaminated water. If you eat food that has been handled by someone who has typhoid fever and who hasn't washed carefully after using the toilet, you can become infected. This means that Salmonella typhi is passed in the feces and sometimes in the urine of infected people. Once they have been infected, they can spread it to others through the fecal-oral route. Most people in developed countries pick up typhoid bacteria while they're traveling.
Salmonella typhi is related to the bacteria that cause salmonellosis, another serious intestinal infection, but they aren't the same. Typhoid fever is caused by dangerous bacteria called Salmonella typhi. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Causes A doctor who is familiar with these areas may be able to recognize and treat your illness more quickly. If you have signs and symptoms after you return home, consider seeing a doctor who focuses on international travel medicine or infectious diseases. If you live in the United States and become sick while traveling in a foreign country, call the U.S. See a doctor immediately if you think you might have typhoid fever. In some people, signs and symptoms may return up to two weeks after the fever has subsided. Life-threatening complications often develop at this time.
Offending medications highly associated with MC should be eliminated as clinically possible. The approach to treatment is similar for both lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis and should be guided by the severity of the patient's symptoms. The disease course of MC is variable some patients experience occasional, intermittent symptoms, and others demonstrate more chronic and even progressive symptoms.
The clinical presentation of MC is nonspecific and includes watery nonbloody diarrhea, nocturnal stools, fecal urgency, abdominal pain, arthralgias, and weight loss. Risk factors for MC include increasing age female sex presence of other autoimmune diseases and possibly use of certain medications, including proton pump inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and statins. Whereas recent studies suggest that the incidence of MC has plateaued, given the aging of the population, the prevalence of MC will likely increase. The colon typically appears normal endoscopically in MC, and the diagnosis requires histologic evaluation. Microscopic colitis encompasses 2 different subtypes, lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis. Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory disease of the colon and a common cause of chronic watery diarrhea, predominantly in older patients.